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U.S. press freedom falls to historical low

U.S. press freedom falls to historical low
Data: Reporters Without Borders; Chart: Axios VisualsPress freedom in the United States has hit a record low, according to the latest World Press Freedom Index published annually by Reporters Without Borders. Why it matters: For years, American press freedom was generally considered "satisfactory" by Reporters Without Borders' standards. As of last year, it's now "problematic."Press freedom in the U.S. now falls in line with developing countries, such as Gambia, Uruguay and Sierra Leone.The big picture: While physical threats against journalists are often a clear sign of eroding press freedoms, Reporters Without Borders cites economic strains on the media as the biggest driver of declines globally.This is especially in autocratic nations, such as Nicaragua, Belarus and Iran, as well as unstable democracies such as Turkey and Hungary. Between the lines: Economic strain is increasingly tied to government efforts to financially undermine critical or independent outlets. Reporters Without Borders cites the Trump administration's efforts to cut funding to public broadcasters, such as Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, as an example of this trend. It also cites non-government factors as threats to funding journalism, such as the dominance of major internet platforms over the advertising economy. Such constraints have led to record consolidation globally amongst media outlets, which has led to more media ownership being highly concentrated or controlled by the state. Startling stat: Reporters Without Borders has been surveying press freedom globally for over a decade across five indicators — political, legal, economic, sociocultural and safety. The economic indicator worldwide has reached a new low point, with 160 of the 180 nations surveyed experiencing "difficult" or "no" financial stability. In the U.S. economic hardship is most prevalent amongst local news outlets, leading to an unprecedented number of news deserts for such a powerful country. Zoom out: The report, published Friday ahead of World Press Freedom Day on May 3, also underscores how much global instability impacts quality journalism. It cites conflict in areas like Gaza and Haiti as examples where political instability "has plunged the media economy into chaos." The gutting of the United States Agency for International Development, it says, has thrown "hundreds of news outlets into a critical state of economic instability and some to shut down — particularly in Ukraine."The big picture: More than half of the world's population now lives in countries where press freedom is entirely absent and practicing journalism is considered dangerous, according the the index.Countries like China, Uganda and Ethiopia are now classified as "very serious" in terms of press freedom threats, as opposed to difficult. Go deeper: Trump targets the media in his first 100 days

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